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800-432-2254
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Trigger
Points:
The good news is that for as many tight,
painful "trigger points" you
can feel in your body, there are just
as many uses for Roll Away The Pain tm. |
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Ibuprofen
Topical Science |
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Transdermal
System Enhances Pain Management |
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Steven Richeimer, M.D.
Director
USC Pain Management, USC Medical Center
Los Angeles, CA, USA
Topical pain relieving drugs are preparations applied
to the skin as a cream, ointment, gel, or spray.
Topical drug applications are used to help reduce
inflammation below the skin surface and alleviate
nerve pain. Some of these drugs are available only
with a doctor's prescription and others can be purchased
over-the-counter (OTC).
In 1980, the first through the skin (TTS) therapeutic,
or what is now called a transdermal product, was
introduced. Since then scientists around the world
continue to develop safer and more expedient methods
to deliver drugs, hormones, and supplements into
the human body. The administration of medication
and health enhancing formulations through the skin
is proving to be the "delivery system of the
future" (1).
Unlocking Skin
Cells
Skin is the largest organ of the human body. It serves
as a protective water barrier, regulates temperature,
controls fluid loss, and performs many other functions
important to homeostasis (healthy internal balance).
Skin is composed of many layers supported by an intricate
blood supply system. The blood vessels are adjacent
to a framework of connective tissue, which is closely
connected to bone, muscle, fascia, and fat. In addition,
the skin is innervated, which means the skin contains
nerve endings. These nerves carry touch, temperature,
and pain signals from the skin to the spinal cord.
Scientists have developed compounds that safely expedite
the delivery of medicine and other formulations through
the layers of skin into the blood supply. It is thought
that certain compounds help to penetrate the skin
barrier by opening naturally closed channels for
a period of time. Some of these compounds
actually help the skin to absorb the medicine or
formulation (penetration enhancers).
Rapid Dermal Delivery System
IbuCream™ [www.ibucream.com]
is a novel topical pain relieving cream available
over-the-counter that contains a proprietary compound
called ViaDerm FMG™.
ViaDerm
FMG™ is a patent-pending non-alcohol
rapid dermal delivery system designed to carry active
ingredients directly through the skin of the desired
part of the body.
ViaDerm FMG™
is comprised of pharmaceutically-acceptable compounds
and is thought to penetrate the skin barrier along
the naturally occurring epidermal-dermal moisture
gradient.
Topical and Transdermal
Systems
Spine and pain specialists may recommend the use
of a topical pain-reliever to help relieve
the symptoms of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis,
neck or low back sprain/strain, whiplash, muscular
and joint pain, spasms, and some types of nerve pain.
Advantages:
• Cream base makes application easy and
controllable.
• Onset of symptom
relief is faster than oral preparations (3-8).
• Symptoms are alleviated at a steady
rate and relief may last longer (3-8).
• Drugs delivered topically may need to be
applied less frequently and in smaller amounts (3-8).
• Formulations diffuse through the
skin and enter into the bloodstream, thereby initially
bypassing the liver, stomach, and digestive system
(called 'first pass'). Many systemic (whole body)
side effects, such as irritated stomach lining, may
be diminished or eliminated.
• Studies
have shown that when formulations are delivered topically
- as much as 95% reach the target cells (e.g.
muscle). Results from oral preparations
delivered to a targeted site of pain are
less than 5% (1).
Uses
for ViaDerm FMG™
The future of ViaDerm FMG™'s
use in pharmacologic and standardized herbal products
is great. Currently used in IbuCream™ (www.ibucream.com)
as a skin penetration enhancer for ibuprofen and
lidocaine, ViaDerm FMG™ is
designed to rapidly deliver drugs and other formulations
to treat muscle spasms, tendonitis, myofascitis,
intra-articular inflammation, rheumatoid conditions,
trigger points and the elusive fibromyalgia.
Initial in vivo anecdotes support the use of ViaDerm
FMG™ to reduce oral side effects and dosage,
and to increase tolerability and compliance. [Cosmetics
enhancement: Genie's Secret Cream]
Summary
Today, patients have a variety of treatment options
for managing their pain. Topical pain relief products
are not only gaining in popularity, but medical science
is discovering innovative ways to broaden their use.
Scientists from the University of Strathclyde and
University of Glasgow stated (2),
"It
is conceivable that the future of the industry may
lie in not just striving to make equivalent products
to the branded parent medicines, but actually manufacturing
improved medicines."
References:
1. Department of Pharmacology, University of Dublin.
2. Uchegbu IF, Schätzlein AG. "Generics
Manufacturers Should Exploit Drug Delivery Technologies
for Improved Therapeutics." Business Briefing:
Pharmagenerics 2002.
3. Kleinbloesem CH, Quwerkerk M, Spitznagel W, Wilkinson
FE, Kaiser RR. "Pharmacokinetics and Bioavailability
of Percutaneous Ibuprofen." Clin-Pharma Research
Ltd., Birsfelden, Switzerland. Arzneimittelforschung.
1995 Oct; 45(10):1117-21.
4. Hadgraft J, Whitefield M. Rosher PH. "Skin
Penetration of Topical Formulations of Ibuprofen
5%: An in vitro Comparative Study." NRI, University
of Greenwich, Kent, UK. Skin Pharmacol Appl Skin
Physiol. 2003 May-Jun; 16(3):137-42.
5. Whitefield M, O'Kane CJ, Anderson S. "Comparative
Efficacy of a Proprietary Topical Ibuprofen Gel and
Oral Ibuprofen in Acute Soft Tissue Injuries: A Randomized,
Double-Blind Study." Dermal Laboratories Ltd.,
Gosmore, Hitchin, UK. J Clin Pharm Ther. 2002 Dec;
27(6):409-17.
6. Machen J, Whitefield M. "Efficacy of a Proprietary
Ibuprofen Gel in Soft Tissue Injuries: A Randomised,
Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study." Bancroft,
Hitchin, Herts, UK. Int J Clin Pract. 2002 Mar; 56(2):102-6.
7. Rovensky J, Micekova D, Gubzova Z, Fimmers R,
Lenhard G, Vogtle-Junkert U, Schreyger F. "Treatment
of Knee Osteoarthritis with a Topical Non-Steroidal
Anti-Inflammatory Drug. Results of a Randomized,
Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study on the Efficacy
and Safety of a 5% Ibuprofen Cream." Institute
for Rheumatic Diseases, Nabrezie I, Krasku 4, 921
01, Piest'any, Slovak Republic. Drugs Exp Clin Res.
2001; 27(5-6):209-21.
8. Campbell J, Dunn T. "Evaluation of Topical
Ibuprofen Cream in the Treatment of Acute Ankle Sprains."
Accident and Emergency Department, St. John's Hospital
at Howden, Livingston. J Accid Emerg Med. 1994 Sep;
11(3):178-82.
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Topically applied NSAIDs have
a superior safety profile to oral formulations.”
Oral versus topical NSAIDs in rheumatic diseases:
a comparison. |
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The blood levels of topical NSAIDs
are extremely low with no systemic side effects,
especially no gastric toxicity…” Use
of topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
in aggravated and decompensated arthroses. |
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In conclusion the percutaneous
application of certain NSAIDs has become a well established
therapeutic regimen in painful osteoarthrosis and
in all other inflammatory degenerative and posttraumatic
alterations of soft tissue structures.” Percutaneous
therapy of painful arthritis . |
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CONCLUSION: Topical non-steroidal
anti-inflammatory drugs are effective in relieving
pain in acute and chronic conditions.” Quantitative
systematic review of topically applied non-steroidal
anti-inflammatory drugs. |
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